Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn: Công thức và bài tập có đáp án

Bởi
Tìm hiểu câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn là gì? Công thức, cách dùng, cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động của thì quá khứ tiếp diễn như thế nào? Trong bài viết dưới đây, IRIS English sẽ gửi đến bạn tất tần tật về lý thuyết & bài tập câu bị động Past Continuous nhé!

Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Sau đây là hướng dẫn chi tiết về công thức câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn theo 3 thể: khẳng định, phủ định và nghi vấn.

Khẳng định

Khẳng định
Câu chủ động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Công thức
S + was/were + V-ing + (O)
S + was/were + being + V3/ed + (by O)
Ví dụ
The teacher was explaining the lesson to the students.
The lesson was being explained to the students by the teacher.
The students were discussing their favorite books in class.
The favorite books were being discussed by the students in class.

Công thức câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Công thức câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Phủ định

Phủ định
Câu chủ động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Công thức
S + was/were + not + V-ing + (O)
S + was/were + not + being + V3/ed + (by O)
Ví dụ
They weren’t practicing basketball in the school gym.
Basketball wasn’t being practiced in the school gym.
The librarian wasn’t organizing the new books on the shelves.
The new books weren’t being organized on the shelves by the librarian.

Nghi vấn

Nghi vấn
Câu chủ động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Công thức
Was/Were + S + V-ing + (O)?
Was/Were + S + being + V3/ed + (by O)?
Wh- word + was/were + S + V-ing + (O)?
Wh-word + was/were + S + being + V3/ed + (by O)?
Ví dụ
Were the students writing essays in the classroom?
Were the essays being written by the students in the classroom?
Where was she taking the books last night?
Where were the books being taken by her last night?

Cách dùng câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Cách dùng
Ví dụ câu chủ động
Ví dụ câu bị động
Khi muốn nhấn mạnh đối tượng bị tác động trong quá khứ
A construction team was building a new library in the town last year.
A new library was being built in the town last year.
Khi người thực hiện hành động không quan trọng hoặc không được biết đến hay muốn che giấu
Someone was cleaning the room
The room was being cleaned.
Khi hành động bị gián đoạn trong quá khứ
The instructor was teaching the children how to swim when it started to rain.
The children were being taught how to swim when it started to rain.

Cách chuyển đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Tóm tắt cấu trúc câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn:
Câu chủ động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
S + V2 + (O)
S + was/were + V3 + (byO)
Bước 1: Xác định các thành phần của câu chủ động
Ví dụ câu chủ động: They were playing football in the park.
Trong đó:
  • S (chủ ngữ): They
  • V (động từ): were playing
  • O (tân ngữ): football
Bước 2: Đưa tân ngữ (O) lên làm chủ ngữ (S)
Tân ngữ của câu chủ động sẽ trở thành chủ ngữ của câu bị động.
→ Chủ ngữ (S) mới của câu bị động: Football
Bước 3: Xác định động từ phù hợp với chủ ngữ mới
Đây là câu chủ động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn nên động từ to be sử dụng cho câu bị động sẽ là was/were
→ Football là danh từ số ít → Động từ là: was
Bước 4: Động từ chính chia ở dạng V3 (phân từ quá khứ)
Chuyển động từ chính của câu chủ động sang dạng V3 (phân từ quá khứ).
→ Động từ “were playing” → “was being played”
Bước 5: Thêm “by + chủ ngữ” của câu chủ động (nếu cần thiết)
Thêm “by” + chủ ngữ của câu chủ động để chỉ rõ ai thực hiện hành động. Tuy nhiên, bạn có thể bỏ qua nếu không quan trọng.
→ by them (Chủ ngữ của câu chủ động là “they”)
Bước 6: Kết hợp các thành phần
Ghép lại các phần để hoàn thành câu bị động: Football was being played in the park.
Cách chuyển đổi câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Cách chuyển đổi câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Ứng dụng câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn trong tiếng Anh giao tiếp

  • Anna: Hey, did you hear about the new library that was being built last year? (Cậu có nghe về thư viện mới đang được xây dựng năm ngoái không?)
  • Mike: Yes! I heard it was being built to replace the old one. (Có, mình nghe nói nó đang được xây dựng để thay thế thư viện cũ.)
  • Anna: Exactly! I remember that the local community was being involved in the design process. (Chính xác! Mình nhớ rằng cộng đồng địa phương đang được tham gia vào quá trình thiết kế.)
  • Mike: That’s right. I think people were being asked for their opinions on the layout. (Đúng vậy. Mình nghĩ mọi người đang được hỏi ý kiến về cách bố trí.)
  • Anna: And they said the opening ceremony was being planned for early next year. (Và họ nói rằng buổi lễ khai trương đang được lên kế hoạch vào đầu năm tới.)
  • Mike: Sounds exciting! I hope the new library will be finished on time. (Thật thú vị! Mình hy vọng thư viện mới sẽ được hoàn thành đúng thời gian.)

Bài tập

Bài tập 1: Chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động
  1. The students were taking notes during the lecture.
  2. The chef was cooking dinner for the guests.
  3. The team was playing a match when it started to rain.
  4. She was reading a novel on the bus.
  5. They were building a new playground in the park.
  6. The engineer was designing a new bridge.
  7. My friends were watching a football game on TV.
  8. The artist was painting a mural on the wall.
  9. The kids were enjoying the party at the house.
  10. The teachers were grading exams in the staff room.
Đáp án:
  1. The students were taking notes during the lecture.
→ Notes were being taken by the students during the lecture.
  1. The chef was cooking dinner for the guests.
→ Dinner was being cooked by the chef for the guests.
  1. The team was playing a match when it started to rain.
→ A match was being played by the team when it started to rain.
  1. She was reading a novel on the bus.
→ A novel was being read by her on the bus.
  1. They were building a new playground in the park.
→ A new playground was being built by them in the park.
  1. The engineer was designing a new bridge.
→ A new bridge was being designed by the engineer.
  1. My friends were watching a football game on TV.
→ A football game was being watched by my friends on TV.
  1. The artist was painting a mural on the wall.
→ A mural was being painted by the artist on the wall.
  1. The kids were enjoying the party at the house.
→ The party was being enjoyed by the kids at the house.
  1. The teachers were grading exams in the staff room.
→ Exams were being graded by the teachers in the staff room.
Bài tập 2: Chia động từ trong ngoặc dạng bị động quá khứ tiếp diễn
  1. The book __________ (write) by the famous author last year.
  2. The concert tickets __________ (sell) out quickly before the event started.
  3. The dinner __________ (prepare) by the chef when the guests arrived.
  4. The project __________ (complete) by the team when the manager checked.
  5. The house __________ (paint) by the workers during the summer.
  6. The flowers __________ (water) by the gardener while I was at the park.
  7. The report __________ (discuss) by the committee when I joined the meeting.
  8. The documents __________ (sign) by the manager before the deadline.
  9. The exam __________ (administer) by the teachers when the fire alarm rang.
  10. The game __________ (play) by the children when their parents called them home.
Đáp án:
  1. The book was being written by the famous author last year.
  2. The concert tickets were being sold out quickly before the event started.
  3. The dinner was being prepared by the chef when the guests arrived.
  4. The project was being completed by the team when the manager checked.
  5. The house was being painted by the workers during the summer.
  6. The flowers were being watered by the gardener while I was at the park.
  7. The report was being discussed by the committee when I joined the meeting.
  8. The documents were being signed by the manager before the deadline.
  9. The exam was being administered by the teachers when the fire alarm rang.
  10. The game was being played by the children when their parents called them home.
Bài tập 3: Bài tập trắc nghiệm câu bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
  1. The movie __________ when I arrived at the cinema.
  • A) was showing
  • B) was being shown
  • C) is being shown
  • D) showed
  1. The invitations __________ by her when I called.
  • A) were being sent
  • B) was sent
  • C) were sending
  • D) sent
  1. The homework __________ by the students before the teacher arrived.
  • A) was completing
  • B) was being completed
  • C) completed
  • D) was completed
  1. The new bridge __________ by the engineers last year.
  • A) was built
  • B) was being built
  • C) being built
  • D) built
  1. The children __________ in the playground when it started to rain.
  • A) were being played
  • B) were playing
  • C) was being played
  • D) played
  1. A special dinner __________ by the chef when the guests arrived.
  • A) was being prepared
  • B) was prepared
  • C) being prepared
  • D) prepared
  1. The report __________ by the team when the manager came in.
  • A) was being written
  • B) wrote
  • C) was written
  • D) is written
  1. The songs __________ by the band at the concert last night.
  • A) were played
  • B) was played
  • C) were being played
  • D) played
  1. The presentation __________ when I entered the room.
  • A) was giving
  • B) was being given
  • C) is given
  • D) gave
  1. The documents __________ by the assistant while I was waiting.
  • A) were organized
  • B) were being organized
  • C) organizing
  • D) organized
Đáp án:
  1. B) was being shown (The movie was being shown when I arrived at the cinema.)
  2. A) were being sent (The invitations were being sent by her when I called.)
  3. B) was being completed (The homework was being completed by the students before the teacher arrived.)
  4. B) was being built (The new bridge was being built by the engineers last year.)
  5. B) were playing (The children were playing in the playground when it started to rain.)
  6. A) was being prepared (A special dinner was being prepared by the chef when the guests arrived.)
  7. A) was being written (The report was being written by the team when the manager came in.)
  8. C) were being played (The songs were being played by the band at the concert last night.)
  9. B) was being given (The presentation was being given when I entered the room.)
  10. B) were being organized (The documents were being organized by the assistant while I was waiting.)
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